What Is Electrical Cable and Its Types?

An electrical cable is an assembly of one or more conductors, usually held together with an overall sheath. The term "cable" originally referred to the heavier cables used to carry high voltage electricity, as opposed to the lighter wires used in lower voltage applications. Nowadays, however, it is also used for data transmission cables. The most common type of electrical cable is the multi-strand, flexible type used in domestic and light industrial applications. This article will look at the different types of electrical cable, and their uses.

Types of Electrical Cable

There are several types of electrical cable, each with its own specific use.

i. Coaxial cable

This type of cable is used to carry high-frequency signals, such as those used in cable television and broadband internet. It consists of an inner conductor surrounded by an insulating layer, which is itself surrounded by an outer conductor. The inner and outer conductors are usually made of copper, but can also be made of aluminum.

ii. Twisted pair cable

This type of cable is used for lower-frequency signals, such as those used in cable telephone and Ethernet networks. It is made up of two insulated copper wires that are twisted around each other. The twisting helps to reduce interference from other cables and devices.

iii. Fiber optic cable

Fiber optic cable is used for high-speed data transmission, such as that used in digital data networks. It consists of a core made of glass or plastic, surrounded by an insulating layer. The core is covered with a reflective coating, which helps to keep the light signals contained within it.

iv. Flexible cable

Flexible cable is used in applications where the cable needs to be able to bend, such as in domestic wiring. It is made up of a number of smaller wires, usually held together with an overall sheath. The most common type of flexible cable is multi-strand, which consists of a number of small strands of copper wire.

v. Metallic Sheathed cable

This type of cable is used in high voltage applications, such as power transmission. It consists of a number of small wires, usually made of copper or aluminum, held together with an overall sheath. The most common type of metallic sheathed cable is multi-strand, which consists of a number of small strands of copper wire.

vi. Non-metallic Sheathed cable

This type of cable is used in low voltage applications, such as domestic wiring. It consists of a number of small wires, usually made of copper or aluminum, held together with an overall sheath. The most common type of non-metallic sheathed cable is multi-strand, which consists of a number of small strands of copper wire.

These are just some of the most common types of electrical cable. There are many more, each with its own specific use. When choosing a cable for your application, it is important to consider factors such as voltage, current, and frequency. You should also be aware of any regulations that may apply to your particular application. The type of cable you choose will also be determined by the type of equipment you are using. If you are unsure, it is always best to consult a qualified electrician.

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